Jail? What for? here is a introduction about jail

Intro

Jails can be used to separate different processes and keep them apart from each other so they cannot interfere. For example, you could run Apache in a jail and keep it away from everything else on the machine. Should an exploit be found in Apache and used to compromise your system, the intruders can only do what the jail allows them to do. A jail can consist of a full operating system, or a single executable.
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As an sys administrator, monitoring our server to avoid an unwanted things is a must. This is the simple way to monitoring your server.
Tools monitoring a FreeBSD server from command line,

* netstat
* systat
* iftop and nload

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Ternyata berbeda cara untuk mereset router cisco di tiap seriesnya. Hari ini saya kebingungan ketika ingin mereset cisco seri 2500 karena passwordnya tidak ada yang tahu. Saya mencoba reset sesau pengetahuan saya ketika mereset router seri 1750 dan ternyata tidak bisa. setelah browse sana sini akhirnya saya menemukan juga caranya.
berikut ini caranya :
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1. Press Break on the terminal keyboard within 60 seconds of power up in order to put the router into ROMmon.

If the break sequence does not work, refer to Standard Break Key Sequence Combinations During Password Recovery for other key combinations.
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2. At the prompt, type o, press ENTER, and record the current value of the configuration register (usually 0×2102 or 0×102).

>o

!— Shows the configuration register option settings.

Configuration register = 0×2102 at last boot
Bit# Configuration register option settings:
15 Diagnostic mode disabled

!— Output supressed.

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3. Type o/r 0×2142, and press ENTER at the > prompt in order to boot from Flash and bypass the configuration file.
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4. Type i at the > prompt, and press ENTER.

The router reboots, but ignores the saved configuration.
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5. Type no after each setup question, or press CTRL + C in order to skip the initial setup procedure.
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6 Type enable at the Router> prompt.

Once the Router# prompt appears, you are in enable mode.
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7 Type configure memory or copy startup-config running-config in order to copy the NVRAM into memory.

Important: Do not type copy running-config startup-config or write memory. These commands erase your startup configuration.
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8 Type write terminal or show running-config.

The show running-config and write terminal commands show the configuration of the router. In this configuration, the shutdown command appears under each interface, which means all interfaces are currently shutdown. Also, the passwords display either encrypted or unencrypted.
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9. Type configure terminal, and make the changes.

The hostname(config)# prompt appears.
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10. Type enable secret in order to change the enable secret password.
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Issue the no shutdown command on every interface that is used. If you issue a show ip interface brief command after you exit configuration mode, every interface that you want to use displays up up.
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11. Type config-register 0×2102 (or use the value you recorded in step 4).

This step causes the router to load the Cisco IOS software from the Flash with the configuration from NVRAM at the next reload.
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Press CTRL + Z in order to leave the configuration mode.

The hostname# prompt appears.
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Type write memory or copy running-config startup-config in order to commit the changes.
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Type Reload in order to restart the router and force the Cisco IOS software to boot from the Flash